Article

ESOP

August 22, 2026 · Aditya Gupta

Business Finance

An Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) is a retirement plan that invests primarily in the employer's stock, providing employees ownership stakes. Distinct from stock options (right to buy stock) — ESOPs grant actual shares. Used by mature private companies (often founder-led businesses preparing for transition) and as a financing/succession tool. Tax advantages: leveraged ESOPs (using borrowed money to buy shares) deduct loan principal and interest. Selling owners can defer capital gains via Section 1042 if proceeds reinvested in qualified securities. Approximately 6,500 US companies have ESOPs covering 14M employees. Notable employee-owned: Publix, WinCo, New Belgium Brewing.

Corporate Finance

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