Article

Audit

August 22, 2026 · Aditya Gupta

Accounting

An audit is an independent examination of a company's financial records, internal controls, and statements — typically conducted by external CPAs to provide assurance to investors, lenders, and regulators. Audits result in an opinion: unqualified (clean), qualified (issues but not material), adverse (significant issues), or disclaimer (insufficient information). Public companies must have annual audits by PCAOB-registered firms. Private companies may have audits for bank covenants, investor requirements, or M&A due diligence. Reviews are less rigorous than audits; compilations even less. Audit fees vary widely — large public companies pay tens of millions; small businesses pay $10K-$100K.

Accounting

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