Article

Interest Rate

August 22, 2026 · Aditya Gupta

Economics

An interest rate is the cost of borrowing money, expressed as a percentage of the principal per year. Set by lenders based on borrower risk, market rates (typically pegged to a benchmark like SOFR), and term. The Federal Funds Rate is the foundation — Fed actions cascade through Prime Rate, mortgage rates, savings yields, bond prices. Interest rates affect every borrowing and lending decision: mortgages, credit cards, savings accounts, bonds, business loans. Higher rates cool borrowing, slow economic activity, hurt asset prices, but help savers. Lower rates do the opposite. The interest rate cycle drives much of macro investment performance.

Finance

Related terms

Back to the finance glossary