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Real-World Money Decisions — Solved

Every use-case answers a specific question a professional, freelancer, or business owner actually asks. The math behind the answer. The calculator to run your numbers. 20 worked money decisions covering retirement, tax, housing, debt, business, and equity comp.

20 real-world money decisions

Specific answers to specific questions

Each use-case takes a common financial question — “How much do I need to retire at 50?” “Should I refinance?” — and walks through the answer with the right calculator. Every figure is arithmetic from assumptions the page lists, so you can change them.

01 · Retirement

Retiring at 50: How Much Do You Need?

35-year retirement window with sequence-of-returns risk.

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02 · Retirement

Retirement Nest Egg for $50K Annual Expenses

The 4% rule applied to your actual lifestyle.

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03 · Retirement

$400K Lump Sum or $2,100 a Month for Life?

A 6.3% implied payout against a 4% withdrawal — and what each protects you from.

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04 · Retirement

Student Loans at 6.5% or the 401(k) Match?

A 50% instant return no loan rate competes with. Take the match first.

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05 · Retirement

Roth Conversion at 60 — Worth the Tax?

Partial conversions in low-income gap years.

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06 · Retirement

Backdoor Roth IRA on $250K Salary

Four steps to bypass the Roth income cap legally.

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07 · Retirement

Mega Backdoor Roth for Tech Employees

Route after-tax 401(k) contributions into a Roth.

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08 · Housing

How Much House Can I Afford on $120K?

The 28/36 rule worked properly — and why the back-end ratio usually binds first.

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09 · Housing

Monthly Payment on a $300K Mortgage

Principal, interest, PMI — the full picture by rate and term.

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10 · Housing

Should I Refinance My 5% to 6% Mortgage?

When the math says no — and the right break-even formula.

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11 · Debt

$15,000 on a Card at 24% APR

The minimum takes 28.7 years and $28,887. A fixed $500 takes 47 months.

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12 · Debt

Pay Off the Car Loan Early or Invest?

$1,930 guaranteed against $3,624 expected — closer than the rates suggest.

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13 · Saving

How Big Should My Emergency Fund Be?

Three, six or nine months — what each costs and how long it takes to build.

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14 · Saving

Funding a $60K College Bill in 10 Years

$366 a month reaches $60,000. Education inflation is why that is the wrong target.

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15 · Tax

Quarterly Tax on $200K 1099 Income

Safe-harbor rule and the set-aside framework that avoids the penalty.

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16 · Tax

HSA Triple-Tax Strategy

Deductible in, tax-free growth, tax-free out for medical costs.

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17 · Equity

RSUs Just Vested — Sell Now or Hold?

Already taxed as income. Holding is a fresh decision to buy your employer.

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18 · Business

S-Corp Salary vs Distribution

Splitting profit between wages and distributions, and where the line sits.

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19 · Business

What Hourly Rate Replaces a $95K Salary?

$45.67 is the naive answer. $84 is the one that actually replaces it.

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20 · Business

ROI on a $10K Marketing Campaign

CAC, payback, LTV — the unit economics test.

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